Skip to main content

South Carolina | Perspective

Elected officials

Interviewees:
  • Annette Guild
    • Metadata Specialist, South Carolina Historical Society
  • Melina Testin
    • Education Coordinator, South Carolina Historical Society

South Carolina’s elected leaders moved toward independence ahead of most colonies, passing their own constitution in March 1776 and electing John Rutledge as the state’s first president. The Revolutionary movement, however, was anything but cohesive. Conservatives wanted a diplomatic resolution while radicals pushed for military escalation, and in October 1775 Henry Laurens fought a bloodless duel with John F. Grimké rooted in disagreements over whether the Patriot movement should use extralegal tactics.

South Carolina was among the wealthiest of the thirteen colonies and the only one where enslaved Black people formed a majority, producing an extraordinarily stratified society divided between Low Country planters and a poorer, marginalized backcountry. It moved toward independence early, building a shadow government and adopting its own constitution in March 1776, months before the Declaration arrived. During the week before the Continental Congress approved the Declaration, Patriots had repelled the British navy at the Battle of Sullivan's Island—still commemorated as Carolina Day. As in many colonies, the Revolution in South Carolina looked as much like a civil war as a war for independence. Roughly a quarter of white residents actively opposed it, and Loyalists fought neighbors at Kings Mountain and Cowpens. Few states saw more battles or greater upheaval. Elite women left a rich documentary record illuminating the complexities of their wartime lives. Throughout the war, Catawba, Cherokee, and Creek struggled with complicated diplomatic choices. In 1782, roughly 5,000 formerly enslaved South Carolinians departed with the British.

More Elected officials perspectives

View details
  • Connecticut

    Elected officials

    6:28 Just watched
  • Delaware

    Elected officials

    12:52 Just watched
  • Georgia

    Elected officials

    2:11 Just watched
  • Maryland

    Elected officials

    1:41 Just watched
  • Massachusetts

    Elected officials

    4:26 Just watched
  • New Hampshire

    Elected officials

    5:27 Just watched
  • New Jersey

    Elected officials

    12:27 Just watched
  • New York

    Elected officials

    2:51 Just watched
  • North Carolina

    Elected officials

    4:36 Just watched
  • Pennsylvania

    Elected officials

    3:02 Just watched
  • Rhode Island

    Elected officials

    4:15 Just watched
  • Virginia

    Elected officials

    7:01 Just watched

More from South Carolina

View details
  • South Carolina

    Context

    24:24 Just watched
  • South Carolina

    Declaration

    7:26 Just watched
  • South Carolina

    Memory

    6:20 Just watched
  • South Carolina

    African Americans

    4:19 Just watched
  • South Carolina

    Indigenous people

    2:58 Just watched
  • South Carolina

    Loyalists

    5:49 Just watched
  • South Carolina

    Women

    Just watched
  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • Georgia
  • Maryland
  • Massachusetts
  • New Hampshire
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • North Carolina
  • Pennsylvania
  • Rhode Island
  • South Carolina
  • Virginia

Perspectives

  • Women
  • African Americans
  • Loyalists
  • Indigenous people
  • Elected officials

About

How was national independence anticipated, debated, and enacted in each of the original 13 states during the American Revolution?

How has national independence, particularly the ideas articulated in the Declaration of Independence, been remembered and invoked over the last 250 years?

Learn more

Bookmarks

    No bookmarks yet. Bookmark a video to save it here.

    0