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Georgia | Perspective

Elected officials

Interviewees:
  • Stan Deaton
    • Dr. Elaine B. Andrews Distinguished Historian, Georgia Historical Society
  • Christy Crisp
    • Vice President of Education and Programs, Georgia Historical Society

Georgia’s politicians in 1776 uniformly supported the Declaration, with no recorded dissent. The colony had instructed its Continental Congress delegates—Gwinnett, Hall, and Walton—to support whatever the Congress determined was best for the common cause, and they did so. Georgia’s Revolutionary government appears to have received the Declaration without notable internal controversy. Beyond the immediate moment, the Revolution dramatically expanded the circle of political leadership: men like Elijah Clark, a backcountry militia leader who may not have been able to sign his own name, rose to military prominence and post-war political influence. Georgia’s 1777 constitution broadened voting and office-holding rights for white men significantly, accelerating changes that might otherwise have taken decades and bringing backcountry leaders and the common man into governance in ways the colonial system would never have permitted.

Georgia was the youngest of the thirteen colonies. Founded in 1733 and still heavily dependent on British protection, Loyalism was unusually strong, especially in the backcountry. Flanked by Spanish Florida and powerful Native nations, it was nearly a miracle that Georgia joined the Revolution at all rather than remaining in the Empire. However, by the time the Declaration of Independence reached Savannah in August 1776, attitudes had shifted such that a new radical state constitution was already in the works. The war proved profoundly disruptive. Many enslaved Black Georgians fled toward freedom and left with the British in 1782. Women held families together amid backcountry violence. And Native nations faced dispossession regardless of the outcome. After the war, many Loyalists were quietly reintegrated, eventually celebrating the Fourth of July alongside the Patriots they had once opposed.

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Perspectives

  • Women
  • African Americans
  • Loyalists
  • Indigenous people
  • Elected officials

About

How was national independence anticipated, debated, and enacted in each of the original 13 states during the American Revolution?

How has national independence, particularly the ideas articulated in the Declaration of Independence, been remembered and invoked over the last 250 years?

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