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Connecticut | Perspective

Loyalists

Interviewees:
  • Andrea Rapacz
    • Chief Curator of Collections, Connecticut Museum of Culture and History

An estimated twenty percent of Connecticut residents, largely concentrated in the western part of the state near New York, held Loyalist sympathies. After the Declaration, those who refused to renounce allegiance to the Crown faced tarring and feathering, and some joined Loyalist regiments such as the Prince of Wales Regiment of America. Moses Dunbar of Bristol was executed in 1777 for recruiting men to serve the King. Families were torn. Prudence Punderson of Preston was driven from her home by Patriot soldiers after her father—a Loyalist denied protection by Connecticut's governor—fled the colony. After the war, many Loyalists emigrated to Canada while others were quietly welcomed back for economic reasons. It is known that at least one Black Loyalist from Connecticut emigrated to Canada, joined a 1788 expedition to Sierra Leone, and died on the voyage.

Connecticut's fierce commitment to independence sprang from its cherished 1662 charter, which granted an elected governor and an independent judiciary. On June 14, 1776, the Connecticut General Assembly met in Hartford and passed its own resolution for independence. Governor Jonathan Trumbull Sr. was the only colonial governor to back the Patriot cause throughout the entire Revolutionary War. During the war, Connecticut’s farm economy pivoted to supplying the Continental Army, earning the nickname “the Provisions State.” Four Connecticut delegates to the Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence, including Roger Sherman, the only founder to sign all four foundational documents. High literacy allowed women like Hannah Bunce Watson, who ran a pro-Revolution newspaper, to create a rich documentary record. African Americans took names like Freedom and Liberty and sued for their freedom, and the state's Native peoples—among the most enthusiastic Patriots—served in the military in large numbers, yet lost reservation lands after the war.

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Perspectives

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  • African Americans
  • Loyalists
  • Indigenous people
  • Elected officials

About

How was national independence anticipated, debated, and enacted in each of the original 13 states during the American Revolution?

How has national independence, particularly the ideas articulated in the Declaration of Independence, been remembered and invoked over the last 250 years?

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